为退伍军人
虽然你.S. military personnel receive extensive pre-combat training, war-zone experiences tax soldiers 物理ly and 情感ly. Transition to civilian life can lead to various challenges, 包括学术, 社会, 物理, 金融, 情感, 和关系. Many returning soldiers will make a successful return to civilian life. 然而，美国农业部的研究表明.S. 美国陆军心理健康咨询小组.S. Department of Veterans Affairs suggest that somewhere between 11 and 17 percent of these soldiers will meet medical symptom criteria for acute war zone stress reactions to include depression, 焦虑, and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms in addition to 社会 adjustment problems. 其他一些估计甚至更高. The psychological reactions to the extreme stress of the war zone environment frequently cause an array of symptoms and reactions in returning veterans.
常见症状可能包括以下内容:
- Recurring and intrusive memories and/or dreams of the event
- Acting or feeling as if the traumatic event were happening
- Intense distress in response to cues resembling some aspects of the event
- Efforts to avoid thoughts, feelings, or conversations related to the event
- Diminished interest in participating in important or previously enjoyable activities
- 疏远的感觉与他人分离或疏远的
- 入睡或保持睡眠困难
- 愤怒:易怒或愤怒的爆发
- 难以集中注意力
- Hypervigilance and being easily startled by noises and movements
- 滥用酒精或其他药物
- 无助和绝望的感觉
- 自杀的想法、感觉或行为
- Feelings of paranoia without any real evidence that others have ill intentions
- 过度焦虑和担忧
If you experience one or more of the above signs of distress, 你的学习成绩, 日常运作, relationships or your general enjoyment of life may be negatively impacted.
There are a number of steps that veterans can take to put their military experience into perspective and facilitate their transition to civilian life. The following is a list of tips for returning veterans:
Establish and maintain relationships: Combat experiences often leave veterans feeling alienated from others, and they must make active efforts to connect with others on campus. Getting involved with clubs and organized activities can break down walls and connect the veteran with others having similar interests.
Work to reestablish existing relationships: Deployment can cause significant changes in the family structure, such as others adopting new roles and taking on new responsibilities. While both returning veterans and family members eagerly anticipate their reunion, changes in the family structure that have occurred during the deployment period often lead to unanticipated stresses and challenges. Veterans and family members must reexamine how responsibilities will now be divided and communicate openly about roles they want or do not want to play.
情绪控制包括两个方面 和表达 emotions: Unlike what is expected on the battlefield, expressing and showing emotions does not indicate weakness and is critical to sustaining meaningful personal relationships in civilian life.
Develop good academic habits: Start with a manageable course load and set reasonable goals. Go to class and take comprehensive notes to improve focus on course materials and lectures. 建立一个每天的时间表，最大限度地组织.
Pay attention to 物理 well-being: Eat well-balanced meals, 充分休息, 在日常生活中进行体育锻炼.
Seek balance in life: The experience of combat can affect how veterans perceive the world, often causing feelings of pessimism about the future. Balance that viewpoint by focusing on people and events which are meaningful, 令人欣慰的, 和鼓励.
限制酒精和毒品的使用. Use of these substances increases the likelihood of depression, 失眠, 感情问题, 学术困难, 法律纠纷和其他一系列负面问题.
限制接触与战争有关的新闻报道(例如.g.、新闻频道、报纸、网站等.). 虽然了解事态发展很重要, the 24/7 media machine typically ignores stories of heroism, 弹性, and sacrifice and instead focuses on the most horrific images and troubling accounts.
与其他退伍军人联系. Veterans often report that the friendship and support of other veterans is critical to effectively transitioning to civilian life. Other veterans have an intuitive understanding of the experience and impact of being in combat and of the additional challenges that veteran students face on college campuses.
为那些没能回来的人哀悼，并向他们致敬. It is important for veterans to grieve the loss of friends and to experience and work through the emotions that are understandably attached to these losses. Work to live a life worthy of the ultimate sacrifice made by fallen comrades.
Psychotherapy can be effective in helping veterans to deal with their thoughts about their experiences, and to change their behaviors in order to reduce distress and increase levels of functioning. Talking to a therapist or counselor may help to ease the transition to civilian life and college. All university students are entitled to 6 free counseling sessions at the OU Counseling Center and $12.00为以后的会话设置一个会话. 预约电话:(248)370-3465.
Medication may also be helpful in alleviating some of the symptoms experienced by individuals following a trauma. Consultations to find out if medication may be helpful can be scheduled by calling the OU Counseling Center (248) 370-3465.